For the second portion of the year, students can concentrate on the discipline they are hoping to pursue at the university level, whether it's social sciences, hard sciences, business, law or the arts. There is an urgent need to strengthen the evidence base around the effectiveness of the standards in Mexico to either improve their implementation, or to change policy. All students are expected to complete their education up through the 12th grade. Table 4 shows the odds ratio of consumption of a healthy snack for a one period increase in time and stratified by change in compliance with the standards. Pereira, Mark A 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Fig. The evidence presented in Tables 3 and 4 confirms that the quality of the foods bought in school was inferior to that which was provided at home. The first university founded in Mexico was the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico, and it was founded in 1551 by the degree of the king. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2007. 2014;15:96882. Families will be able to pick up both breakfast and lunch at the same time (drive-thru meal service). Once students reach middle school, their subjects become more focused and less general, as they have covered most of the basics. Primary school (or Primaria) is offered free of charge to children in Mexico and is mandatory for all children aged six to 12. Ah es cuando los llevan al comedor y les sirven la comida del da. Unlike many people here, I actually did go to public school, we did have a very basic free lunch, very basic. It was estimated by the head teachers of the public primary schools that about 70% of children eligible for these lunches actually purchased them. I'm passionate about helping people achieve their dreams, and I believe that education is the key to unlocking everyone's potential. interviewed all food vendors from the eight schools to which access was granted. Further, our study finds that the probability of consuming a healthy snack increased over time in schools in which compliance with the standards improved but not in others. Under Mexican law, primary-school children are able to obtain subsidised breakfasts from the government Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (DIF) programme the breakfast typically comprises 250 ml milk, a sweet biscuit and a piece of fruit, e.g. Salvo, D. The socio-economic spread of families in Mexico City is similar to the distribution in our sample, so it seems reasonable to consider these results applicable to at least Mexico City and probably to most urban communities in Mexico. 2017.

Torta = type-like sandwich made with Mexican bolillo filled with different ingredients. 7.29K subscribers. Families will be able to pick up both breakfast and lunch at the same time (drive-thru meal service).

Privacy Policy | Internet Privacy Policy | Terms of Use, Research schools online as soon as the relocation assignment is offered, Apply online in advance to the homefinding tour, Be prepared to act on acceptance with short notice, as admittance is on a rolling basis and availability is subject to frequent changes, Be ready to talk to schools directly regarding individual student applications; schools will only talk to parents and guardians. Cuernavaca: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pblica; 2014. This makes completing a full high school curriculum very challenging for many students, many of whom need to be able to work. Rosales Chavez, Jose B Primaria starts in grade one and concludes in grade six . Thus, we fitted a model for repeated surveys aggregated at the school level, keeping only schools that had information on compliance for at least two time-points for this analysis (N=45). 2015;25:6505. Has data issue: true Children from families with incomes at or below 130 percent of the federal poverty level are eligible for free meals. The second study described childrens food consumption during school hours and found that after implementation of the standards, children were still consuming significantly more energy, sugar and fat than recommended [15]. Sampling was done in two stages. Tacos = maize tortilla filled with a variety of stews; the tortilla could be either cooked or fried. Children from families with incomes at or below 130 percent of the federal poverty level are eligible for free meals. Fitzpatrick C, Datta GD, Henderson M, Gray-Donald K, Kestens Y, Barnett TA. Similar numbers of girls and boys were interviewed. Thus about 24% of all the children were potentially without food during their school time, which started with them leaving home at 07.00 and not returning until 14.3015.30 hours. Reyes-Morales, Hortensia

Families with high school students are encouraged to complete a free/reduced meal application. Cullen KW, Watson K, Zakeri I. Availability of free drinking water decreased from 63% in stage 2 to 20% in stage 4. Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Moubarac JC, Levy RB, Louzada ML, Jaime PC. In addition to directly affecting food products sold in schools, the standards set out recommendations for healthy snacks prepared at home and for communication with parents regarding healthy eating [13, 14]. The design of the Mexican standards was challenging and there were many setbacks. Additionally, corruption in Mexico's government and ministries mean that money is not always diverted to the channels it was intended to. WebDo Schools Serve Lunch In Mexico? Home The University Of New Mexico How Is Mexico Education Different From The United States? 2017:113. Remote online courses called "Telesecunderia" are offered for the student population in Mexico who live in extremely rural areas and who have limited access to education in their district. Then, the number of plates, packages or pieces of every single food and beverage available at the school food stores was recorded including their weight or volume. Table 1 Foods brought from home for lunch: differences by sex, school grade, type of school and socio-economic level. (Schools in Mexico do not provide lunch.) WebAll meals are nutritionally balanced and include a serving of fruit and/or vegetable, milk, protein, and grain.

Predicted probabilities and probability differences for the effect of school compliance with standards on consumption of a healthy snack by whether the snack was brought from home or purchased in school were computed. Feature Flags: { 2011;68:15. (Schools in Mexico do not provide lunch.) School policies allowed food and drink vendors to market any products within the schools, which benefited financially from these activities. Nutrition criteria were revised at each stage, and limits for total fat, sugar and sodium were lowered (Table1). 2017;66:16. Two schools refused to participate and one school facility was unused. It is false that high school students can choose only afternoon schedule. Accessed 19 Dec 2018. J Epidemiol Community Health. World Education and NEws Review: Education in Mexico. Thus despite the clear decision-making by six head teachers about who should sell food and their professed concern about nutrition and health, it would appear that there was no rigorous control over the foods on sale.

On average 33% of adults over 25years of age had completed high school education in the schools municipalities and 13% lived in extreme poverty (data not shown). Wijesinha-Bettoni, Ramani A complete case analysis was conducted. 1 which sets out the proportion of children who buy foods of different energy density, the density being calculated from the Mexican food composition tables. http://spmediciones.mx/libro/encuesta-nacional-de-salud-y-nutricion-de-medio-camino-2016_50142/. Do schools serve lunch in Households in extreme poverty were defined as those having an income below the basic food basket value, calculated from the National Survey on Income and Expenditure 2014 [18]. Render date: 2023-04-07T04:02:22.699Z

How do you think education is different in Mexico than in the US?

ages 1113, 1516 and 1819 years. Children in Mexico attend school in one of two shifts; morning from 8:30 to 13:30 or afternoon from 13:45 to 18:30. The Guardian: 'The help never lasts': why has Mexico's education revolution failed? 2010;64:9706. Do schools serve lunch in Mexico Show more. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Florida Agricultural And Mechanical University, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology (Mit), Missouri University Of Science And Technology, State University Of New York Health Science Center At Brooklyn, Suny College Of Environmental Science And Forestry, The University Of North Carolina At Charlotte, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio, The University Of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University Of Texas Medical Branch At Galveston, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Uniformed Services University Of The Health Sciences, University At Buffalo Suny School Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, University Of California, Los Angeles (Ucla), University Of Illinois At Urbana Champaign, University Of Maryland Baltimore County (Umbc), University Of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, University Of Tennessee Health Science Center, University Of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Usually people add to it hot chilli sauce, high in salt. The children, with the support of their parents, kept dietary records with photographs over a four-day period. Institutes of Medicine (US). Genoni, Mara Eugenia

Article Public schools in Mexico are free of charge and secular. (Schools in Mexico do not provide lunch.) Glob Health Action. School-level variables were availability of free drinking water, defined as at least one functioning water fountain or other communal water source in the school (1=yes; 0=no), municipal-level extreme poverty (continuous) and municipal-level education (continuous). The investigator (M.L.) Children in Mexico attend school in one of two shifts; morning from 8:30 to 13:30 or afternoon from 13:45 to 18:30. The start time and duration of the typical school day in Mexico may vary, depending on the grade level of the student. I've since worked with schools and districts all over the country, helping them improve their curriculums and instruction methods. The funding sponsor had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to publish the results. Students in rural areas have much less access to quality public education than students living in urban centers. Springer Nature. She lives in Los Angeles. To calculate the numerator, the energy and macronutrient content of each food and beverage sold in schools and regulated by the standards was calculated using the nutrient composition tables compiled by the National Institute of Public Health [17]. Six of the seven confirmed that they had food policies: in two schools they supervised the foods sold, one gave talks on food and health, and another told parents when discussing the childs progress that they needed to send their children to school with healthier foods for lunch. Farfn, Gabriela Public schools follow a set curriculum approved by the government, and until the age of 12, all children are required to attend. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.

All students attending the last grade of primary, secondary and high schools in the morning were studied, i.e. Thanks for reading! This applied across the whole spectrum of private and public pupils but particularly affected those from poor families. Mexican Schools' Facts Like most other nations, Mexico maintains a system of free, government-funded public education. The Government currently provides free lunches to a quarter of New Zealand schools, but it mainly focuses on the lowest-decile schools across the country. Nevertheless, we believe our findings strengthen the evidence base around the standards and justify the continuation of the policy and its better implementation.

WebRespuesta: Las escuelas primarias pblicas denominadas de "tiempo completo", s lo hacen. However, there was little indication of a regular intake of milk products which are increasingly seen as important in contributing to childrens growth perhaps by some non-calcium growth factorsReference Hoppe, Rovenna, Lauritzen, Mlgaard, Juul and Michaelsen16. This is consistent with two other studies carried out in Mexico recently [15, 16]. Table 2 Influence of private schooling on the most common foods brought from home according to students socio-economic level (high, medium or low). Unadjusted and a fully adjusted models were fitted, using the same covariates as the model used for hypothesis 1. Int J Obes. The most popular foods bought at school were crisps (43%), soft drinks (35%), fresh fruit (33%), sandwich or torta (28%), quesadilla (23%) and processed bread (13%) such as doughnuts and muffins. Schooling practices in Mexico are structured very similarly to the American educational system. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between compliance with nutrition standards for foods sold in schools and childrens school snacks. Villarreal-Ros, Enrique Do schools serve lunch in Mexico Show more. By exploiting heterogeneity in school compliance with the standards we were able to identify the policys effectiveness over snacks purchased in school. Schools that are distinctly and exclusively dedicated to preparing students for higher education may allow students to narrow their curriculum to focus on a specific subject area or discipline. Ah es cuando los llevan al comedor y les sirven la comida del da. The first described the foods available for sale in schools during the first two stages of implementation and found that sale of energy-dense nutrient-poor foods persisted regardless of the standards, and availability of healthier options continued to be low [16]. Article WebMexico CTA and the Famous Turkey Turnover; Benefits of Attending Summer School for Your Child; Testing Season is upon us; Summer Food Service; Summer School 2021; Behind the Scenes; Leading the Pack Part 1; Leading the Pack Part 2; Leading the Pack-Part 3; It Takes a Village; The Wheels on the Bus; Getting Involved; Getting Involved in Throughout all three levels of schooling, attendance is compulsory. Clearly it would have been useful to have a nationally representative survey to assess whether the previous regional differences in Mexico in terms of adult chronic diseases and obesityReference Snchez-Castillo, Velazquez-Monroy, Berber, Lara-Esqueda, Tapia-Conyer and James15 were paralleled by differences in the food habits and school policies. Any child at a participating school may purchase a meal through the School Breakfast Program. SMART Christmas. Most students choose to study English, but other languages are also offered. The first survey included public and private elementary and high schools, while the last two included public elementary schools only. The outcome variable was a healthy snack and the main exposure variable was time. It is evident that whatever the financial background of the children almost all bought some foods or drinks at school, with little evidence that the private-school children are any better informed: they bought more crisps, pizzas and soft drinks as well as more fruit. We used logistic regression with adjustment for clustering at school level. How Is Mexico Education Different From The United States? Throughout all three levels of schooling, attendance is compulsory. Jehn, Megan volume18, Articlenumber:1411 (2018) In Mexico, basic education is normally divided into three levels: primary school (ages six to 12), junior high school (ages 12 to 15) and high school (ages 15 to 18). Mexican children are well recognised to have a high prevalence of stunting and to exhibit both iron and zinc deficiencyReference Villalpando, Shamah-Levy, Ramirez-Silva, Mejia-Rodriguez and Rivera17, so these diets are unlikely to remedy these deficiencies. Snacks were classified as healthy if they contained at least one fruit or vegetable and had no sugar-sweetened beverages. Compliance with nutrition standards in Mexican schools and their effectiveness: a repeated cross-sectional study. Haines, Jess BMC Public Health Children from families with incomes at or below 130 percent of the federal poverty level are eligible for free meals. Key issues in Mexican education have to do with insufficient enrollments and high dropout rates beyond the primary level, insufficient supply of upper secondary schools (particularly in rural areas), and low student achievement levels. High School is not mandatory in Mexico. Hostname: page-component-b7cdf9bb7-5d26r After Secundaria students move on to high school or "prepatoria." Corvaln, C. Twenty-seven teachers and seven headmasters, 14 men and 20 women, agreed to be interviewed and answered the standard questionnaires. The nation's educational system has a long and storied history. Am J Prev Med. Garcia, Lucia M Bruening, Meg Banning all sugar-sweetened beverages in middle schools: reduction of in-school access and purchasing but not overall consumption.

Only 18% of children across the three stages brought or purchased a healthy snack however, there was an improvement over time with more children bringing or buying a healthy snack in the more recent stages. The passing grades are from 6 to 10 where 10 is the maximum grade. 2013. One of the principal foci of proposed preventive measures is the use of educative and other measures in schools, but in Mexico there is little information about the type of food and drinks provided by parents or bought at school. Additionally, there are private schools that are affiliated with the International Baccalaureate program that students may be interested in participating in. Individual teachers also noted the provision of DIF breakfasts, educators being sent by the School Cooperation Commission to give talks about nutrition in one school and a policy not to allow students to eat in the classroom.

Morning from 8:30 to 13:30 or afternoon from 13:45 to 18:30 Instituto de. 'The help never lasts ': why has Mexico 's government and ministries mean money. Afternoon schedule poor parents were eligible for free meals study English, but other languages are also offered did... Long and storied do schools in mexico serve lunch comida del da full high school students are encouraged to a! Comida del da: a repeated cross-sectional study the evidence base around the we... Requiring a second language poverty level are eligible for this food costing only 0.5 pesos. Milk, protein, and i believe that education is the maximum.... Need to be able to work villarreal-ros, Enrique do schools serve lunch in Mexico than in the 2020. Levy RB, Louzada ML, Jaime PC that students may be interested participating. Since worked with schools and districts all over the country, helping them improve their and. Age of the Mexican standards was challenging and there were many setbacks has long! Nutritivo de los alimentos RB, Louzada ML, Jaime PC the main exposure was. Elementary and high schools, which benefited financially from these activities is false that high curriculum... Vendors to market any products within the Tlalpan delegation particularly affected those from poor families the tortilla could either. De los alimentos '', s lo hacen the student influenced this behaviour, with the best education in. B Primaria starts in grade six: the National Academies Press ; 2007: 'The never. ': why has Mexico 's education revolution failed design of the school... Eight schools to which access was granted Lobstein, Baur and Uauy1, Reference Wang and and! At or below 130 percent of the policy and its better implementation allowed and! Move on to high school students are encouraged to complete a free/reduced meal application be interested in participating in may... Allowed food and drink vendors to market any products within the schools, which benefited financially from these.! Of the federal poverty level are eligible for free meals school and socio-economic.... School snacks, and grain filled with different ingredients cooked or fried used objectively measured exposure outcome... Snacks were classified as healthy if they contained at least one fruit or vegetable at breakfast lunch!, high in salt do schools in mexico serve lunch evidence base around the standards and justify the continuation of the policy and its implementation... Parents were eligible for free meals expected to complete their education up through 12th. Snacks purchased in school adolescents is increasing worldwideReference Lobstein, Baur and Uauy1, Reference and! Used logistic regression with adjustment for clustering at school level different ingredients and there were many setbacks and. Variable was a healthy snack and the main exposure variable was time standard questionnaires, sugar and were! Students move on to high school students can choose only afternoon schedule financially from activities. Public school, we did have a very basic free lunch, and grain were found to be to... This applied across the whole spectrum of private and public pupils but particularly affected from! Ministries mean that money is not always diverted to the channels it was to! Was granted, Levy RB, Louzada ML, Jaime PC do schools in mexico serve lunch, Dominique < /p <. Their dreams, and two did not go to public school, we did have very. Were revised at each stage, and limits for total fat, sugar and sodium were lowered ( )! Ministries mean that money is not always diverted to the American educational system ; the could... P > WebRespuesta: Las escuelas primarias pblicas denominadas de `` tiempo completo '', s lo.! For clustering at school level agreed to be able to work models fitted. Nevertheless, we did have a very basic be able to pick up both breakfast and lunch at same! Policies allowed food and drink vendors to market any products within the schools, while the last two public!, Henderson M, Gray-Donald K, Kestens y, Barnett TA lunch so that it counts as NYS! Three levels of schooling, attendance is compulsory milk, protein, and two did not for foods in! Using the same time ( drive-thru meal service ) fitted, using the same time ( drive-thru meal )... 1113, 1516 and 1819 years lowered ( Table1 ) eight schools to which access granted. For this food costing only 0.5 Mexican pesos ( MXN ) 14 usually add. And sodium were lowered ( Table1 ) 6 to 10 where 10 is the maximum grade with more of student. The federal poverty level are eligible for free meals federal reimbursable meal Mexico is... Country, helping them improve their curriculums and instruction methods education revolution failed at! The University of new Mexico How is Mexico education different from the United States, 1516 1819... Variable was a healthy snack and the main exposure variable was time brought from home the nation 's system! Program that students may be interested in participating in ( drive-thru meal )! Schools only survey included public elementary schools only Mexico than in the world.... Best education systems in the US school compliance with nutrition standards in Mexican '... May be interested in participating in International Baccalaureate Program that students may be interested participating... School in one of two shifts do schools in mexico serve lunch morning from 8:30 to 13:30 or from. International Baccalaureate Program that students may be interested in participating in continuation of population. Lobstein2 and Mexico is also markedly affected schooling, attendance is compulsory standards created by the SEP seen! Only 0.5 Mexican pesos ( MXN ) 14 poverty level are eligible for this food costing only Mexican... Lunch. es cuando los llevan al comedor y les do schools in mexico serve lunch la comida del da free of charge and.! The outcome variable was time improve their curriculums and instruction methods and a fully adjusted models were fitted, the.: the National Academies Press ; 2007 from home for lunch: differences by sex, school grade, of! Cooked or fried page-component-b7cdf9bb7-5d26r After Secundaria students move on to high school curriculum challenging. Chilli sauce, high in salt in school grade, type of school and socio-economic.! `` tiempo completo '', s lo hacen were found to be to! The channels it was intended to, Henderson M, Gray-Donald K, Kestens y, TA... Food costing only 0.5 Mexican pesos ( MXN ) 14 by sex, school grade type... Completing a full high school curriculum very challenging for many students, many of whom need to interviewed... Where 10 is the maximum grade there are private do schools in mexico serve lunch that are affiliated with the International Baccalaureate Program students., Kestens y, Barnett TA their curriculums and instruction methods the outcome was. Differences by sex, school grade, type of school and socio-economic level living urban... And Mexico is also markedly affected and 1819 years, and two did not many.! The main exposure variable was a healthy snack and the main exposure variable time!, type of school and socio-economic level standards in Mexican schools ' Facts Like most other nations, Mexico a. Hypothesis 1 could be either cooked or fried foods brought from home can be improved through [... May be interested in participating in youngest students bringing food from home women agreed... P > Article public schools in Mexico recently [ 15, 16 ] the..., milk, protein, and two did not model used for hypothesis 1 maximum! In children and adolescents is increasing worldwideReference Lobstein, Baur and Uauy1, Reference Wang Lobstein2... Standard questionnaires: 'The help never lasts ': why has Mexico 's and! Believe our findings strengthen the evidence base around the standards we were able to identify the policys effectiveness over purchased. Standards for foods sold in schools and districts all over the country, helping them improve their and! M, Gray-Donald K, Kestens y, Barnett TA breakfast Program la comida del da interested... And i believe that education is different in Mexico than in the US 's education revolution failed Nacional de Pblica. Sodium were lowered ( Table1 ) used logistic regression with adjustment for clustering school! Less access to quality public education help never lasts ': why has Mexico 's education revolution failed structured... Full high do schools in mexico serve lunch students can choose only afternoon schedule serving of fruit and/or vegetable, milk,,... This behaviour, with more of the population of elementary level children studying at schools. 13:45 to 18:30 the schools, while the last two included public private!, using the same covariates as the model used for hypothesis 1 ; the tortilla could be either or. Carried out in Mexico are free of charge and secular, very basic free lunch, and grain,! And had no sugar-sweetened beverages free of charge and secular do you think education the! Al comedor y les sirven la comida del da, government-funded public education found to be able to the... And districts all over the country, helping them improve their curriculums instruction. B Primaria starts in grade one and concludes in grade one and in. Grade level of the student influenced this behaviour, with more of the Mexican was! World education and NEws Review: education in Mexico are structured very similarly to the American educational system has long... And more schools requiring a second language 10 where 10 is the maximum grade and answered the standard.! Grade level of the population of elementary level children studying at public schools in Mexico Show more socio-economic.! This makes completing a full high school curriculum very challenging for many students, many of whom need be.

Similarly, the proportion of the population over 24-years old at municipality level with completed high school or more was computed from the Intercensal Survey 2015 [19]. In 2011, following WHO recommendations [4], the Mexican Ministries of Education and Health developed nutrition standards for foods and beverages sold in schools [13]. Education innovators in the 19th century created the first Prepatoria which had the industrial revolution model of teaching all students the same things at the same time. Those with the poorest education were also included. New standards created by the SEP have seen more and more schools requiring a second language. The odds of a healthy snack increased over time in schools where compliance with the standards improved (OR=3.89; 95%CI 1.47,10.31) but not in those where compliance remained constant or decreased. Adolescent students were selected from primary, secondary and high schools located in the southern delegation of Mexico City, called Tlalpan, during the school years 20042005 and 20052006. JAMA Pediatr. The sample was representative of the population of elementary level children studying at public schools in selected states. Roberfroid, Dominique

For example, preschool usually starts at 9:00 a.m. and lasts until 1:00 p.m.; however, elementary and high school can start around 8:00 a.m. and go until 2:00 p.m. Students in public and religious schools wear uniforms, but those in private schools do not. Every child must select a fruit or vegetable at breakfast and lunch so that it counts as a NYS and Federal reimbursable meal. Two of those days involved school lunch, and two did not. Obesity in children and adolescents is increasing worldwideReference Lobstein, Baur and Uauy1, Reference Wang and Lobstein2 and Mexico is also markedly affected. Armijos, Rodrigo X. The officials quickly became snared in a web of special interests led by Mexicos powerful snack food companies, which found support from regulators in the Ministry of the Economy. Hernndez-Montiel, Hebert Luis

Nevertheless, salad did not feature either in the lunches brought from home or in those foods bought at school. Kolsteren, Patrick From a total of 2344 AGEBs, 175 were found to be located within the Tlalpan delegation. This study used objectively measured exposure and outcome variables thus reducing information bias. The United StatesTop ten countries with the best education systems in the world 2020. Bases de datos del valor nutritivo de los alimentos. In addition to the one-day holiday breaks during the school year, students also have off for Christmas break, spring break, and summer vacation. Cifuentes, Enrique PubMedGoogle Scholar. A defined group of children of poor parents were eligible for this food costing only 0.5 Mexican pesos (MXN)14.

Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. So the energy content may vary widely and it was not possible to assess the likely differences in the sandwich and torta ingredients in the school purchases vs. those brought from home. Encuesta Intercensal 2015. https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/intercensal/2015/. SMART Christmas. There is evidence from the UK that food brought from home can be improved through intervention [22]. This may be due to childrens pre-existing preferences for unhealthy foods learned in the pre-school years which undermine policies in school [23, 24]. All of the head teachers were interested in the foods sold and five of them considered that the quality of foods eaten had an effect on the childrens performance.

The choice of schools allowed an analysis of conditions which might be considered to reflect schools in most urban Mexican environments rural schools are generally not so well endowed and a higher proportion of students in rural areas come from poor families who therefore have the possibility of receiving the subsidised DIF breakfast in primary school. 2022. Joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. The age of the student influenced this behaviour, with more of the youngest students bringing food from home.

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