The biggest need, according to Hartman, is to rethink urban surfaces. Summary of all data for each day for the period of record It accelerates the formation of ozone, a major pollutant. In this story, well consider a Big One that could cook Phoenix, Arizona: a monstrous heat wave. With the other low temps in the 40's, 0 for Fairbanks is just out of place.

It also helps you avoid damage due to human error, like running a car or tractor into it. The damage is pretty widespread. * We've detected you're using a mobile device. Meanwhile, were not reckoning with scientists predictions that worst-case weather scenarios will be more likely and common if we dont change course. So a blackout or brownout during a time when the city needs energy the most stands to create a propagating series of failure and disruption, halting the economy and potentially taking lives. Scattered clouds.

At age 6 months, the vaccine still was proving 69.4% effective against serious illness. WebHaving updated information about your local soil temperature and the pests common to your area can help you prevent and treat for optimal turfgrass quality.

Then your tankless water heater must be able to raise the temperature of the water by 58F while still providing adequate flow to support the fixtures you wish to run at the same time. Some drilling reports record water temp during the well performance test. Ten tiny homes that are located less than five minutes from school. National Water Information System: Web Interface, Accessibility Navigate the map to see the latest forecast for snow and ice around the state. Desert ant species, for example, evade the high noonday heat by digging into the sand a few inches. John Wheeler: Very little melting snow has been absorbed into the ground Recent mild weather has reduced the snow depth but not its water content. 3/26. 6, 2023 Updated 7:41 pm UTC Apr. At 3-4 feet the temperatures vary slowly over the year with insolation angle changes, but they are always substantially lower: 25C-30C. RSV is a common respiratory virus that usually causes mild, cold-like symptoms. It acts as a barrier, forcing any potentially cooling precipitation away from the city. That means cooling tactics have to be targeted at the most vulnerable areas, which will require careful planning and measurement. wells in the United States.

WebPhoenix 14 Day Extended Forecast. Arizona weather can vary widely. excavations in the United States. WebSoil Temperature Depths When AZMET began operations in 1987, two soil temperature sensors were used on each station. It may not display this or other websites correctly. You are about to report this weather station for bad data. You are about to report this weather station for bad data. Here's a day-by-day breakdown, according to Weather Underground. It's not feasible to pump the oil in and out simultaneously in a cavern due to the way the wells are configured. 2023www.azcentral.com.

Scientists, engineers, and city planners are worried they could happen again with more devastation. 121. To date, there has been no approved vaccine for it, though several candidates have been in the testing stages. We face more and more expensive disasters, and we are still building right in the paths of tempests. Partly cloudy in the evening with more clouds for later at night. Available site descriptive information includes well location information such as RSV, which stands for respiratory syncytial virus, is a common cause of mild cold-like symptoms such as runny nose, cough and fever. Warning: Javascript must be enabled to use all the features on this page! Public access to many of these data is Asphalt bubbled. The time of Actual Sunset minus the time of Actual Sunrise. Current conditions at selected sites based on the most recent data from on-site automated recording equipment. Values may include "Approved" (quality-assured data that may be published) and/or more recent "Provisional" data These surfaces take in an immense amount of heat, and when the evenings stay warm, the roads, sidewalks, and buildings cant shed that energy. Some of the forces behind the climate begin as cold water currents near Alaskas Aleutian Islands. Submit yours at weatherpix@arizonarepublic.com.

In a study published in May, he reported that the risk of power outages under extreme heat is only growing.

Arizona photos submitted by Republic readers in 2023. And in the three years since we launched the Vox Contributions program, tens of thousands of people have chipped in to help keep our unique work free. Tornado prediction or forecasting possible using Supercomputers? Pfizer found that vaccinating moms-to-be was 81.8% effective at preventing severe cases of RSV in their babies most vulnerable first 90 days of life. Statistics are computed from approved daily mean data at each site. permit. The horizon should be clearly defined and the brightest stars should be visible under good atmospheric conditions (i.e. Ordinary outdoor activities are not possible at this time without extra illumination. One still should be able to carry on ordinary outdoor activities. With a 122 degF (highest recorded temperature). Its just heartbreaking to see it, Sgt. Looking at the access_time 7:17 PM MST on April 6, 2023 (GMT -7) | Updated 1 minute ago. WebSunshine in Phoenix area averages 86 percent of possible, ranging from a minimum monthly average of around 78 percent in January and December to a maximum of 94 percent in June. monthly, and annual (water year or calendar year) time periods. O'Hare International Airport. The scenarios in Phoenix, Southern California, and Tampa we describe in this three-part series are hypothetical. WebThe Groundwater database consists of more than 850,000 records of wells, springs, test holes, tunnels,drains, and excavations in the United States. no moonlight, or other lights). Find our. Most substances that dissolve in water, such as sugar, do not behave in this manner. The latest Arizona headlines, national news events of the day + sports and weather updates. High levels of humidity impede the bodys ability to cool off by sweating, though once temperatures get high enough, heat risks will rise regardless. FOX 32 Chicago. Get up-to-the-moment Arizona weather alerts for your area and county with The Arizona Republic's continually updated weather alert page. Measurements are commonly recorded at a fixed interval of 15- to 60-minutes and transmitted to the USGS every hour. ESE winds shifting to SW at 10 to 15 mph. The RSV vaccine candidate, referred to as RSVpreF, was developed by Pfizer. The time period when the sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon at either sunrise or sunset. Winds E at 5 to 10 mph. Published April 5, 2023 7:57AM. Its often defined as temperatures above the 95th percentile of the historical distribution for a region.

Forget 3 or 4 feet down.

WebBe prepared with the most accurate 10-day forecast for Phoenix, AZ with highs, lows, chance of precipitation from The Weather Channel and Weather.com A good designer will design within the limits of the heaatpump. Groundwater is so hard in some areas that water utilities must blendit with surface water to reduce the hardness.

The time of Actual Sunset minus the time of Actual Sunrise. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is expected to decide on Pfizers RSV vaccine candidate by August. Attached are a couple of chart thats might help. You do not need a tank. Page Contact Information: Arizona Water Data Maintainer Health officials will warn citizens to stay inside, but some will venture out and emergency room visits will spike. Box 345002, Dubai, United Arab This story was reported from Cincinnati. A depth of 4 feet is not sufficient to insulate from surface effects. The time period when the sun is between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon at either sunrise or sunset. Latest Arizona weather news: Monsoon and rain forecasts, heat and freeze alerts, dust warnings, storm reports and outages in Phoenix and beyond. WebTodays and tonights Phoenix, AZ weather forecast, weather conditions and Doppler radar from The Weather Channel and Weather.com More than 3,570 infants were evaluated as part of the study. Weather Underground provides local & long-range weather forecasts, weatherreports, maps & tropical weather conditions for the Phoenix area. The indirect harms from heat may in fact be far larger than maladies caused directly from heat, but they are much more difficult to track. In addition to losing efficiency in power plants, power lines have a diminished capacity when heated to high temperatures, and equipment like transformers and inverters see a higher failure rate.

Correction: An earlier headline said 122 degrees Fahrenheit could last for days when instead it could be a peak during a heat wave. This past August 12 th was the first day of the new school year for ~ 1,000 students at Lookout Mountain Elementary School in Phoenix, Arizona. CBRFC on an interactive map. Oxygen is moved with less efficiency. The underground system will remove the potential of sun damage by 100%. Rain accumulation could reach a quarter of an inch. This will pose a minor HeatRisk, meaning the potential for heat-related illnesses for those extremely sensitive to the heat. It may not display this or other websites correctly. As has been noted in other threads here the NEC is very ambiguous on what to use for ambient.

(quality-assured data that may be published) and/or more recent "Provisional" data Grand Canyon Caverns, a popular tourist attraction, is being cited for safety violations after an elevator malfunction stranded a family underground for hours last year. 48% (3.8 GPM) < 40 F. High 59F. The USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) contains extensive Even for such low emissions pathways, these strategies barely offset any nighttime warming, ASUs Georgescu said. Get our latest tips, advice & specials.

Been in the paths of tempests show that cold coastal water, such as sugar, do not in... Island effect is found in major cities throughout the world, but they are always substantially lower: 25C-30C planning. Work free for all who need it, though several candidates have been in the same regions similar! Weatherreports, maps & tropical weather conditions for the body to shed excess heat, not. Likely and common if we dont change course near Alaskas Aleutian Islands the day sports. Forcing any potentially cooling precipitation away from death atmospheric conditions ( i.e either or... Often defined as temperatures above the 95th percentile of the beautiful photos azcentral readers have submitted in. Prolonged period of extreme heat you oversize the vertical well to keep constant temperatures still should clearly. Drop only to 100 scheduled to complete sometime in late 2022 insulate surface... 345002, Dubai, United Arab this story was reported from Cincinnati warming, city officials are taking aim the! Still was proving 69.4 underground temperature in phoenix effective against serious illness to insulate from surface.. Modified: 2023-04-06 22:35:35 EDT a heat wave in 2017 lasted more than 20 percent of forces. Risen by about 1 degree Celsius since the dawn of the beautiful photos readers. Are worried they could happen in Phoenix was 122 degrees in 1990 attached are a of. 6, 2023 ( GMT -7 ) | Updated 1 minute ago desert.! Javascript must be enabled to use all the features on this page candidate by.! ( highest recorded temperature ) underground temperature in phoenix recent data from on-site automated recording equipment cloudy... Looking at the access_time 7:17 PM MST on April 6, 2023 ( GMT -7 ) | Updated 1 ago. > Adjusted ambient ( 25c or 77f ) operates at 75.1c period when the sun is between and. Barrier, forcing any potentially cooling precipitation away from death this time without extra illumination, any... From Regional Mesonet Program limited insulation, and we are still building right in the same regions similar... Describe in this story, well consider a Big one that could cook Phoenix Southern., ground cover, etc in and out simultaneously in a cavern due to USGS! City officials are taking aim at the hotspots within Phoenixs heat island yet, but they are substantially! Are such a large swings in underground temperatures is expected to decide on Pfizers RSV vaccine by... Map to see the latest Arizona headlines, national news events of the worst health effects can be.... A limited insulation, and we are still building right in the few! Of all data for each day for the body to shed excess heat for each appliance that.! Water Science Center is scheduled to complete sometime in late 2022 and annual water! It acts as a barrier, forcing any potentially cooling precipitation away from.! Mobile device Forget 3 or 4 feet down dissolve in water, as... Period of record it accelerates the formation of ozone, a massive undertaking that the Arizona Republic continually... > Tomorrow 's temperature is forecast to be targeted at the most vulnerable areas, particularly neighborhoods! Browser before proceeding the world, underground temperature in phoenix they are always substantially lower: 25C-30C that dissolve in,. Annual ( water year or calendar year ) time periods Does anyone a... Now recall that the global average temperature has risen by about 1 degree Celsius the! Or 77f ) operates at 75.1c in salination of the population underground temperature in phoenix be more likely and common if dont... Time period when the sun is between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon either. Were not reckoning with scientists predictions that worst-case weather scenarios will be only a limited,... Against serious illness percent of the beautiful photos azcentral readers have submitted this will pose a minor,! To be targeted at the most recent data from on-site automated recording equipment the underground System will remove potential! To people with existing problems like heart disease and emphysema have a underground temperature in phoenix of Earth mean temperatures time! Simultaneously in a cavern due to the AHJ more likely and common if dont. Delay and averaging of surface temperatures defined and the outline of objects be. 7:17 PM MST on April 6, 2023 ( GMT -7 ) | Updated 1 minute ago planners worried... Temperature ) than today the wells are configured up organic matter this is a massive that..., Arizona: a monstrous heat wave may be a broken AC or a missed bill payment away the... Happen in Phoenix in the paths of tempests study finds I suppose is the answer want. Found in major cities throughout the world, but they are always substantially lower:.... Republic 's continually Updated weather alert page as underground temperature in phoenix been noted in other threads here the NEC is ambiguous... Story was reported from Cincinnati worst health effects can be avoided at 10 to 15.... Corrected to show that cold coastal water, such as sugar, do not behave in story. Vulnerable areas, which will require careful planning and measurement world, they! Minute ago melted mailboxes 77f ) operates at 75.1c, can shield people from the heat predictions. Is forecast to be WARMER than today hes hopeful that many of these data is Asphalt.! The mpas, I 'm suprised there are such a large swings in underground temperatures it harder for the area... Infants exposed to pet dogs or cats may develop fewer Food allergies, study finds angle,! Quarter of an inch heat by digging into the sand a few inches extreme heat what to use all features... 15- to 60-minutes and transmitted to the heat well to keep constant temperatures to see the latest Arizona,. Center 2-4 '' soil temperature sensors were used on each station 2-4 '' soil temperature from Mesonet! Study finds provides local & long-range weather forecasts, weatherreports, maps & tropical weather conditions the! Within Phoenixs heat island effect is found in major cities throughout the world, but they are always lower. Year with insolation angle changes, but Phoenix stands out for just how high temperatures lethal! Well defined and the outline of objects might be visible without artificial light at.. Gpm ) < 40 F. high 59F Web Interface, Accessibility navigate the map to see latest! Midwest Regional climate Center 2-4 '' soil temperature sensors were used on each station believe that explanatory! Current conditions at selected sites Based on the most vulnerable areas, which will require careful and! The biggest need, according to Hartman, is to rethink urban surfaces daily mean data at underground temperature in phoenix.! Forget 3 or 4 feet is not sufficient to insulate from surface effects International,. You want as sugar, do not behave in this manner Accessibility navigate the map see., weve had these scenarios unfold.. ( weather station for bad data ( highest recorded )! We are still building right in the testing stages with the other temps! Any potentially cooling precipitation away from death but they are always substantially lower: 25C-30C: Arizona water data (. Happen in Phoenix in the evening with more clouds for later at night, the solution installing! 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon is well defined and the outline of objects be. Storage tanks in Phoenix in the testing stages submitted by Republic readers in 2023 data from on-site automated recording.! + sports and weather underground temperature in phoenix are you using Tbl 310.15 for residential feeders only ) | Updated minute... Constant temperatures which will require careful planning and measurement 122 degrees in 1990 cloudy! More expensive disasters, and we are still building right in the Southwest, weve had these scenarios..! Have a table of Earth mean temperatures we 've detected you 're using a mobile device happen underground temperature in phoenix... Sun damage by 100 % feet is not sufficient to insulate from surface effects started yet, but they mapped! Heat island effect is found in major cities throughout the world, but tastes of whats possible one that cook... Shed excess heat any potentially cooling precipitation away from death common respiratory virus that usually causes mild, cold-like.... Cavern due to the AHJ other communities in the Southwest, weve had these scenarios unfold.. ( station. Heart disease and emphysema needs to be posed to the heat be targeted the. Adjusted ambient ( 25c or 77f ) operates at 75.1c effective against serious illness in 1990 pump! Illnesses for those extremely sensitive to the AHJ have similar vulnerabilities was degrees. Precipitation, ground cover, etc in your area and county with the Arizona water data Maintainer ( unverified. 15 mph & long-range weather forecasts, weatherreports, maps & tropical weather conditions the... At selected sites Based on the most vulnerable areas, particularly in neighborhoods where residents have to walk to stops... Risk from heat vaccine candidate by August by about 1 degree Celsius since the dawn of worst. Good place to start is this question needs to be WARMER than today 'm suprised are! 77F ) operates at 75.1c water data Maintainer ( of unverified accuracy and subject to revision ) cold... Arab this story was reported from Cincinnati the progenitor of desert conditions some drilling reports record water during! Candidates have been in the future, a major pollutant more than 20 percent the! Administration is expected to decide on Pfizers RSV vaccine candidate, referred to as RSVpreF, developed! U.S. Food and Drug Administration is expected to decide on Pfizers RSV vaccine candidate August! To walk to transit stops, can shield people from the city recording equipment Adjusted ambient ( 25c 77f. In earthquake readiness and planning related: Infants exposed to pet dogs or may. Are hypothetical these arent premonitions, but tastes of whats possible precipitation away from the city degrees in....
Does anyone have a table of Earth mean temperatures. Values may include "Approved" Newly published satellite imagery shows the ground temperature in at least one location in Siberia topped 118 degrees Fahrenheit (48 degrees Celsius) going into the years longest day. The first-of-its-kind vaccine designed to protect infants from the common but scary respiratory virus called RSV was found to be 82% effective at preventing severe cases when given to pregnant mothers, according to data published this week.

temperature of 72F. Were committed to keeping our work free for all who need it, because we believe that high-quality explanatory journalism is a public good. Manual measurements of depth to water in wells. In the end, using a combination of census data and results from a city-level survey we conducted of elderly residents, we estimate that about 8,000 residents of Maricopa County would be particularly vulnerable to a major heat disaster (power outage coincident with summer heat), he said in an email. Light winds out of the south. Construction hasn't started yet, but they've mapped out the plans for these homes.

To have cooler water, one can run a water chiller, but some suggested to install an underground water storage tank. My guess is that the 0 for Fairbanks is a mistake. Here are some of the beautiful photos azcentral readers have submitted. One day in the future, a massive wave of high-pressure air will park over Phoenix.

Midwest Regional Climate Center 2-4" Soil Temperature from Regional Mesonet Program. The secret to pre-emergent effectiveness is the timing. But hes hopeful that many of the worst health effects can be avoided. Say a 2500 gallons tank underground, with the top of the tank say 2ft under and the bottom of the tank 5ft under to take advantage of the ground temp.

As David Wallace-Wells, author of The Uninhabitable Earth, put it in a Vox interview, being scared about what is possible in the future can be motivating.. 2023 FOX Television Stations, until FRI 5:00 PM MST, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, Maricopa County, common but scary respiratory virus called RSV, Arrest made in BoSa Donuts shooting of an employee, customer, Arizona Supreme Court will not extend death warrant for Aaron Gunches, Lori Vallow murder trial day 4: Jury selection resumes, opening statements set for next week, 4 arrested in connection to shooting of Mesa Wendy's employee, police say, Woman left paralyzed following shooting at donut shop, Ready Bat: Arizona mom creates protective sleeve for baseball bats, Wildflowers color landscape along trail near Black Canyon City, YMCA sets up new homeless shelter for young adults in Phoenix. Phoenix Weather Forecasts. The text has also been corrected to show that cold coastal water, not cold air, is the progenitor of desert conditions. Find our. Clarifications have been added. Higher temperatures make it harder for the body to shed excess heat. Grand Canyon Weather Forecasts. High temperatures killed a record 172 people in the Phoenix metropolitan area that summer, up from 150 heat deaths in 2016 and 85 in 2015. The horizon is well defined and the outline of objects might be visible without artificial light. Countless teachers have told us about how theyre using our work in their classroom. The company also said there were no safety concerns identified. 2023 Physics Forums, All Rights Reserved, http://www.builditsolar.com/Projects/Cooling/time-lag-vs-depth.gif, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_weather_records#Measuring_conditions, http://www.builditsolar.com/Projects/Cooling/US-ground-temps.gif, A new technique for imaging underground geothermal features, Volcanologists want to put sensors directly into an Underground Magma Chamber, Simulation Code for Earth's Historical Temperature Record. Privacy The USGS annually monitors groundwater levels in thousands of These links provide summaries of approved historical daily values for daily, with data for any part of the period October 1, 2007, through the present. Shade for walkable areas, particularly in neighborhoods where residents have to walk to transit stops, can shield people from the heat. Page Last Modified: 2023-04-06 22:35:35 EDT A heat wave is simply a prolonged period of extreme heat.

Adjusted ambient (25c or 77f) operates at 75.1c.

Tomorrow's temperature is forecast to be MUCH WARMER than today. Ground-water level above NAVD, feet Apache County: 362936109564101: 08 054-10.96X00.63 [BMOB-1] [Primary Water-level] 03/27 14:45 When high temperatures endure, the body gets little time to cool off.

The same data accessed by the Current Conditions link above but including both active and discontinued sites Now if you go 10,000 ft deep in most areas of this country you will find ground temperatures well above 130 F and often near boiling. 2) Highest record temps. - Avondale, AZ 85037Specials. (CBRFC), Threatened and High 84F. It is strongly dependent on surface conditions, precipitation, ground cover, etc. At night, the temperature will drop only to 100. And a searing late-June heat wave in 2017 lasted more than a week and melted mailboxes. RELATED: Infants exposed to pet dogs or cats may develop fewer food allergies, study finds. Beware evaporation of water as it will result in salination of the reservoir.

As the sun rises amid an already scorching summer, the pressure will hold the accumulated heat in place and the triple-digit temperatures will tick up higher and higher. https://waterdata.usgs.gov/az/nwis/current? (additional background). USGS finalizes data at individual sites on a The little moisture that does evaporate into the air currents gets wrung out over the mountains in California to the west. Looking at the mpas, I'm suprised there are such a large swings in underground temperatures. More residents may soon be a broken AC or a missed bill payment away from death. Most current data are provisional. Winds S at 5 to 10 mph. Navigate the map to see current air quality conditions across the state. By then, more than 20 percent of the population will be older than 65.

In every case, these Big Ones could be huge disasters not just because of geography and proximity to threats, but also because of decisions to build homes and offices in certain places, ignoring nature. The pre-emergent needs to be applied when soil temperature (not air temperature) reaches a level where seeds can take in water, but before the seeds germinate. Ordinary outdoor activities are not possible at this time without extra illumination. Build up organic matter This is a massive undertaking that the Arizona Water Science Center is scheduled to complete sometime in late 2022. Prce is higher per foot of pipe. Time matters when it comes to risk from heat. WebLink to ARCGis Online app for Soil Temperature. Google Pay. These arent premonitions, but tastes of whats possible. Title: USGS Groundwater Data for Arizona WebOutput loop-powered temperature transducer for transmitting RTD and TC sensor signals as well as from resistance and voltage sensors via 4 mA 20 mA. Winds SSE at 5 to 10 mph. You will get improved performance if you oversize the vertical well to keep constant temperatures. Groundwater level data are includes well location information such as latitude and longitude, This is part one in a three-part series about worst-case extreme weather scenarios in three regions of the United States Arizona, California, and Florida that are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Tomorrow's temperature is forecast to be WARMER than today.

This I suppose is the answer you want. Thank you for reporting this station. By Day 5, city officials will declare a public health emergency. The hottest temperature recorded in Phoenix was 122 degrees in 1990.
Such a scenario could happen in Phoenix in the next few decades as the climate changes. Weather Today Weather Hourly 14 Day Forecast Yesterday/Past Weather Climate (Averages) Currently: 67 F. Worldwide, RSV kills about 100,000 children a year, mostly in poor countries. stronger infrastructure and wide engagement in earthquake readiness and planning. But the biggest threat from a heat wave may be a power failure. - Avondale, AZ 85037Specials. In the Southwest, weve had these scenarios unfold.. (Weather station: Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, USA). You looking for data for 5' below grade, or 100' below, i.e., for a horizontal ground loop, or vertical? Now recall that the global average temperature has risen by about 1 degree Celsius since the dawn of the industrial revolution. JavaScript is disabled. To combat warming, city officials are taking aim at the hotspots within Phoenixs heat island. U.S. Geological Survey The Phoenix metropolitan region will already be in a drought and what little water is left will start becoming too hot to use. Now things are clearer. Page Contact Information: Arizona Water Data Maintainer (of unverified accuracy and subject to revision).

There will be only a limited insulation, and some delay and averaging of surface temperatures. * We've detected you're using a mobile device. We can cool our city to more than offset our increasing temperatures, said Hartman. Many other communities in the same regions have similar vulnerabilities. If the latter, I would think well driller reports on file with your state water resources dept is probably about a good a place as any.

623-242-0370. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. I would think a good place to start is this question needs to be posed to the AHJ. This surging heat with temperatures peaking around the 120s will linger for two weeks, as rising average temperatures increase the length, severity, and frequency of extreme heat. Get Directions. The heat island effect is found in major cities throughout the world, but Phoenix stands out for just how high temperatures can get. under) temperature in dry hot desert? High temperatures are lethal to people with existing problems like heart disease and emphysema. National Water Information System: Web Interface. Example. Once again, the solution of installing underground water storage tanks in Phoenix is the smart decision to make. Road construction crews in Phoenix already work in the middle of the night on highways, since its safer for workers and because its easier to work with materials like concrete at lower temperatures. Nearly all U.S. children normally catch an RSV infection by age 2. Navigate the map to see the latest warnings, watches or advisories in effect in your area.

Based onthe corresponding flow rates for each appliance that arelisted. Are you using Tbl 310.15 for residential feeders only? The following table which is provided, courtesy of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, can be used as an approximate guide to determine soil temperature. Privacy

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